[Sustain] Fwd: Details On The Dangers Of Genetically Modified Foods

[Eric Brooks]

*/
/**/Spilling the Beans/, March 2008* 

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*This month’s /Spilling the Beans/ features a new pamphlet on the health 
risks of GMOs. *To view a PDF of our new handout, *click here* 
<http://www.seedsofdeception.com/utility/showDocumentFile?objectID=140>. 
The unformatted text of the pamphlet is reproduced below with references 
added. It is also available on our site, click here 
<http://fsicart.com/seeds/>. 

The Institute has copies of the brochure available in bundles of 50, 
selling for just above our cost, click here 
<http://www.fsicart.com/seeds>. For large or custom print runs, please 
contact info at responsibletechnology.org 
<mailto:info at responsibletechnology.org>.

For a more in-depth look at 65 health risks of GM foods, excerpted from 
Jeffrey Smith's comprehensive new book *Genetic Roulette: The Documented 
Health Risks of Genetically Engineered Foods*, click here. 
<http://www.seedsofdeception.com/Public/GeneticRoulette/HealthRisksofGMFoodsSummaryDebate/index.cfm>

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*Unintended GMO Health Risks*

*Genetically modified foods:*

    *YES, you are already eating them.
    NO, they are not safe to eat.*

*Did you know...* since 1996 Americans have been eating genetically 
modified (GM) ingredients in most processed foods.

*Did you know...* GM plants, such as soybean, corn, cottonseed, and 
canola have had foreign genes forced into their DNA. And the inserted 
genes come from species, such as bacteria and viruses, that have never 
been in the human food supply.

*Did you know...* genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are not safe. 
They have been linked to thousands of toxic and allergenic reactions, 
thousands of sick, sterile, and dead livestock, and damage to virtually 
every organ and system studied in lab animals.

*Find out what the risks are and start protecting yourself and your 
family today!*

*Why isn’t the FDA protecting us?*

In 1992, the Food and Drug Administration claimed that they had no 
information showing that GM foods were substantially different from 
conventionally grown foods and therefore were safe to eat. But internal 
memos made public by a lawsuit reveal that their position was staged by 
political appointees under orders from the White House to promote GMOs. 
FDA scientists, on the other hand, warned that GMOs can create 
unpredictable, hard-to-detect side effects, including allergies, toxins, 
new diseases, and nutritional problems. They urged long term safety 
studies, but were ignored.[1] <#1> The FDA does not require any safety 
evaluations for GMOs. Instead, biotech companies, who have been found 
guilty of hiding toxic effects of their chemical products, are now in 
charge of determining whether their GM foods are safe. (The FDA official 
in charge of creating this policy was Michael Taylor, Monsanto’s former 
attorney and later their vice president.)

Although these biotech companies participate in a voluntary consultation 
process with the FDA, it is a meaningless exercise. The summaries of the 
superficial research they submit cannot identify most of the health 
risks of GMOs.[2] <#2>

*Genetic modification is radically different from natural breeding*

In contrast to the statements of biotech advocates, FDA scientists and 
others affirm that genetic modification is not just an extension of the 
conventional breeding techniques that have been used by farmers for 
millennia. Genetic engineering transfers genes across natural species 
barriers, using imprecise laboratory techniques that bear no resemblance 
to natural breeding. Furthermore, the technology is based on outdated 
concepts of how genes and cells work.[3] <#3>

*Widespread, unpredictable changes*

Gene insertion is done either by shooting genes from a “gene gun” into a 
plate of cells or by using bacteria to invade the cell with foreign DNA. 
The altered cell is then cloned into a plant. These processes create 
massive collateral damage, causing mutations in hundreds or thousands of 
locations throughout the plant’s DNA.[4] <#4> Natural genes can be 
deleted or permanently turned on or off, and hundreds may change their 
levels of expression.[5] <#5>

*In addition:*

    *
      The inserted gene is often rearranged;[6] <#6>
    * It may transfer from the food into our body’s cells or into the
      DNA of bacteria inside us;[7] <#7> and
    * The GM protein produced by the gene may have unintended properties
      or effects.

*GM foods on the market*

The primary reason companies genetically engineer plants is to make them 
tolerant to their brand of herbicide. The four major GM plants, soy, 
corn, canola, and cotton, are designed to survive an otherwise deadly 
dose of weed killer. These crops have much higher residues of toxic 
herbicides. About 68% of GM crops are herbicide tolerant.

The second GM trait is a built-in pesticide. A gene from the soil 
bacterium called Bt (for Bacillus thuringiensis) is inserted into corn 
and cotton DNA, where it secretes the insect-killing Bt-toxin in every 
cell. About 19% of GM crops produce their own pesticide. Another 13% 
produce a pesticide /and/ are herbicide tolerant.

There is also Hawaiian papaya and a small amount of zucchini and yellow 
crookneck squash, which are engineered to resist a plant virus. Help 
stop the introduction of GM sugar in late 2008. Send a letter to top 
companies on our website.

*Growing evidence of harm from GMOs
**GM soy and allergic reactions*

    * Soy allergies skyrocketed by 50% in the UK, soon after GM soy was
      introduced.[8] <#8>
    * A human subject showed a skin prick allergic-type reaction to GM
      soy, but not to natural soy.[9] <#9>
    * The level of one known soy allergen is as much as 7-times higher
      in cooked GM soy compared to non-GM soy.[10] <#10>
    * GM soy also contains an unexpected allergen-type protein not found
      in natural soy.[11] <#11>

*Bt corn and cotton linked to allergies*

The biotech industry claims that Bt-toxin is harmless to humans and 
mammals because the natural bacteria version has been used as a spray by 
farmers for years. In reality, hundreds of people exposed to Bt spray 
had allergic-type symptoms,[12] <#12> and mice fed Bt had powerful 
immune responses[13] <#13> and damaged intestines.[14] <#14> Moreover, 
Bt in GM crops is designed to be more toxic than the natural spray and 
is thousands of times more concentrated.

Hundreds of laborers in India report allergic reactions from handling Bt 
cotton.[15] <#15> Their symptoms are identical to those exposed to Bt 
spray.[16] <#16>

*GMOs fail allergy tests*

No tests can guarantee that a GMO will not cause allergies. Although the 
World Health Organization recommends a protein screening protocol,[17] 
<#17> the GM soy, corn, and papaya in our food supply fail those tests— 
because they have properties of known allergens.[18] <#18>

*GMOs cause immune reactions to non-GM foods*

    * If proteins “digest” slowly, there is more time for allergic
      reactions. Because GM soy reduces digestive enzymes in mice,[19]
      <#19> it may slow protein digestion and promote allergies to many
      foods.
    * Mice not only reacted to Bt -toxin, they had immune responses to
      formerly harmless compounds.[20] <#20>
    * Similarly, a mouse test indicated that people eating GM peas could
      develop allergies both to the peas and to a range of other foods.
      The peas had already passed all the allergy tests normally used to
      get GMOs on the market. It took this advanced mouse test, which
      was never used on the GMOs we eat, to discover that the peas could
      be deadly.[21] <#21> 

*GMOs and liver problems*

    * Rats fed GM potatoes had smaller, partially atrophied livers.[22]
      <#22>
    * The livers of rats fed GM canola were 12-16% heavier.[23] <#23>
    * GM soy altered mouse liver cells in ways that suggest a toxic
      insult.[24] <#24> The changes reversed after their diet switched
      to non-GM soy.[25] <#25>

*GM soy, reproductive problems, and infant mortality*

    * More than half the offspring of mother rats fed GM soy died within
      three weeks.[26] <#26>
    * Male rats[27] <#27> and mice[28] <#28> fed GM soy showed changes
      in their testicles; the mice had altered young sperm cells.
    * The DNA of mouse embryos whose parents ate GM soy functioned
      differently than those whose parents ate non-GM soy.[29] <#29> 

Many offspring of female rats fed GM soy were considerably
smaller,and more than half died within three weeks (compared
to 10% of the non-GM soy controls). [30] <#30> **

*Bt crops linked to sterility, disease, and death*

    * When sheep grazed on Bt cotton plants after harvest, within a week
      1 in 4 died. Shepherds estimate 10,000 sheep deaths in one region
      of India.[31] <#31>
    * Farmers in Europe and Asia say that cows, water buffaloes,
      chickens, and horses died from eating Bt corn varieties.[32] <#32>
    * About two dozen US farmers report that Bt corn varieties caused
      widespread sterility in pigs or cows.[33] <#33>
    * Filipinos in at least five villages fell sick when a nearby Bt
      corn variety was pollinating.[34] <#34>

The stomach lining of rats fed GM potatoes showed excessive cell growth, 
a condition that may be a precursor to cancer. Rats also had damaged 
organs and immune systems.[35] <#35>  

*
Functioning GM genes remain inside you*

Unlike safety evaluations for drugs, there are no human clinical trials 
of GM foods. The only published human feeding experiment verified that 
genetic material inserted into GM soy transfers into the DNA of 
intestinal bacteria and continues to function.[36] <#36> This means that 
long after we stop eating GM foods, we may still have their GM proteins 
produced continuously inside us.

    * If the antibiotic gene inserted into most GM crops were to
      transfer, it could create super diseases, resistant to antibiotics.
    * If the gene that creates Bt -toxin in GM corn were to transfer, it
      might turn our intestinal flora into living pesticide factories.
    * Animal studies show that DNA in food can travel into organs
      throughout the body, even into the fetus.[37] <#37> 

*GM food supplement caused deadly epidemic*

In the 1980s, a contaminated brand of a food supplement called 
L-tryptophan killed about 100 Americans and caused sickness and 
disability in another 5,000-10,000 people. The source of contaminants 
was almost certainly the genetic engineering process used in its 
production.[38] <#38> The disease took years to find and was almost 
overlooked. It was only identified because the symptoms were unique, 
acute, and fast-acting. If all three characteristics were not in place, 
the deadly GM supplement might never have been identified or removed.

If GM foods on the market are causing common diseases or if their 
effects appear only after long-term exposure, we may not be able to 
identify the source of the problem for decades, if at all. There is no 
monitoring of GMO-related problems and no long-term animal studies. 
Heavily invested biotech corporations are gambling away the health of 
our nation for profit.

*Help end the genetic engineering of our food supply*

When the tipping point of consumer concern about GMOs was achieved in 
Europe in 1999, within a single week virtually all major food 
manufacturers committed to remove GM ingredients. The Campaign for 
Healthier Eating in America is designed to reach a similar tipping point 
in the US before the end of 2009.

Our growing network of manufacturers, retailers, healthcare 
practitioners, organizations, and the media, is informing consumers of 
the health risks of GMOs and helping them select healthier non-GMO 
alternatives.

Go to www.responsibletechnology.org 
<http://www.responsibletechnology.org/> to get involved and learn how to 
avoid GMOs. Look for our Non-GMO Shopping Guide in summer 2008.

*Start buying non-GMO today*.

Help us stop the genetic engineering of our food supply.

Donations to the Institute For Responsible Technology are 
tax-deductible. Your $25 membership includes a free educational gift.
There are three ways to become a member or make a donation:

   1.
      By mail: Institute For Responsible Technology, P.O. Box
      469, Fairfield, IA 52556
   2.
      Online: www.responsibletechnology.org
      <http://www.responsibletechnology.org/> 
   3.
      By phone: (641) 209-1765

The health information is from the book /Genetic Roulette: The 
Documented Health Risk of Genetically Engineered Foods/, by Jeffrey M. 
Smith.  

© copyright Institute For Responsible Technology 2008. The Institute is 
a fully tax deductible project of The Coordinating Council, a 501c(3).

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[ 
</dbcAdmin/Site_Administrator1/ContentDesigner/Articles/#_ednref1>1] See 
www.biointegrity.org <http://www.biointegrity.org/>
[ 
</dbcAdmin/Site_Administrator1/ContentDesigner/Articles/#_ednref2>2] See 
Part 2, Jeffrey M. Smith, /Genetic Roulette/: /The Documented Health 
Risks of Genetically Engineered Foods/, Yes! Books, Fairfield, IA 2007
[ 
</dbcAdmin/Site_Administrator1/ContentDesigner/Articles/#_ednref3>3] See 
for example 233-236, chart of disproved assumptions, in Jeffrey M. 
Smith, /Genetic Roulette/: /The Documented Health Risks of Genetically 
Engineered Foods/, Yes! Books, Fairfield, IA 2007
[ </dbcAdmin/Site_Administrator1/ContentDesigner/Articles/#_ednref4>4] 
J. R. Latham, et al., “The Mutational Consequences of Plant 
Transformation,” /The Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology/ 2006, 
Article ID 25376: 1-7; see also Allison Wilson, et. al., 
“Transformation-induced mutations in transgenic plants: Analysis and 
biosafety implications,” /Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Reviews/ 
– Vol. 23, December 2006.
[ </dbcAdmin/Site_Administrator1/ContentDesigner/Articles/#_ednref5>5] 
Srivastava, et al, “Pharmacogenomics of the cystic fibrosis 
transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) and the cystic fibrosis drug 
CPX using genome microarray analysis,” /Mol Med./ 5, no. 11(Nov 
1999):753–67.
[ </dbcAdmin/Site_Administrator1/ContentDesigner/Articles/#_ednref6>6] 
Latham et al, “The Mutational Consequences of Plant Transformation, 
/Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology/ 2006:1-7, article ID 
25376, http://www.hindawi.com/journals/JBB/index.html; Draft risk 
analysis report application A378, Food derived from glyphosate-tolerant 
sugarbeet line 77 (GTSB77),” ANZFA, March 7, 
2001, www.agbios.com/docroot/decdocs/anzfa_gtsb77.pdf 
<http://www.agbios.com/docroot/decdocs/anzfa_gtsb77.pdf>; E. Levine et 
al., “Molecular Characterization of Insect Protected Corn Line MON 810.” 
Unpublished study submitted to the EPA by Monsanto, EPA MRID No. 
436655-01C (1995); Allison Wilson, PhD, Jonathan Latham, PhD, and 
Ricarda Steinbrecher, PhD, “Genome Scrambling—Myth or Reality? 
Transformation-Induced Mutations in Transgenic Crop Plants Technical 
Report—October 2004,” www.econexus.info <http://www.econexus.info/>; C. 
Collonier, G. Berthier, F. Boyer, M. N. Duplan, S. Fernandez, N. 
Kebdani, A. Kobilinsky, M. Romanuk, Y. Bertheau, “Characterization of 
commercial GMO inserts: a source of useful material to study genome 
fluidity,” Poster presented at ICPMB: International Congress for Plant 
Molecular Biology (n°VII), Barcelona, 23-28th June 2003. Poster courtesy 
of Dr. Gilles-Eric Seralini, Président du Conseil Scientifique du 
CRII-GEN, www.crii-gen.org; also “Transgenic lines proven unstable” by 
Mae-Wan Ho, ISIS Report, 23 October 2003, www.i-sis.org.uk 
<http://www.i-sis.org.uk/>
[ </dbcAdmin/Site_Administrator1/ContentDesigner/Articles/#_ednref7>7] 
Netherwood et al, “Assessing the survival of transgenic plant DNA in the 
human gastrointestinal tract,” /Nature Biotechnology/ 22 (2004): 2; 
Chowdhury, et al, “Detection of genetically modified maize DNA fragments 
in the intestinal contents of pigs fed StarLink CBH351,” /Vet Hum 
Toxicol./ 45 , no. 2 (March 2003): 95–6; P. A. Chambers, et al, “The 
fate of antibiotic resistance marker genes in transgenic plant feed 
material fed to chickens,” /J. Antimic. Chemother./ 49 (2000): 161–164; 
and Paula S. Duggan, et al, “Fate of genetically modified maize DNA in 
the oral cavity and rumen of sheep,” /Br J Nutr./ 89, no 2 (Feb.2003): 
159–66.
[ </dbcAdmin/Site_Administrator1/ContentDesigner/Articles/#_ednref8>8] 
Mark Townsend, “Why soya is a hidden destroyer,” /Daily Express/, March 
12, 1999.
[ </dbcAdmin/Site_Administrator1/ContentDesigner/Articles/#_ednref9>9] 
Hye-Yung Yum, Soo-Young Lee, Kyung-Eun Lee, Myung-Hyun Sohn, Kyu-Earn 
Kim, “Genetically Modified and Wild Soybeans: An immunologic 
comparison,” /Allergy and Asthma Proceedings/ 26, no. 3 (May–June 2005): 
210-216(7).
[ </dbcAdmin/Site_Administrator1/ContentDesigner/Articles/#_ednref10>10] 
A. Pusztai and S. Bardocz, “GMO in animal nutrition: potential benefits 
and risks,” Chapter 17, /Biology of Nutrition in Growing Animals/, R. 
Mosenthin, J. Zentek and T. Zebrowska (Eds.) Elsevier, October 2005.
[ </dbcAdmin/Site_Administrator1/ContentDesigner/Articles/#_ednref11>11] 
Hye-Yung Yum, Soo-Young Lee, Kyung-Eun Lee, Myung-Hyun Sohn, Kyu-Earn 
Kim, “Genetically Modified and Wild Soybeans: An immunologic 
comparison,” /Allergy and Asthma Proceedings/ 26, no. 3 (May–June 2005): 
210-216(7).
[ 
</dbcAdmin/Site_Administrator1/ContentDesigner/Articles/#_ednref12>12] M. 
Green, et al., “Public health implications of the microbial pesticide 
/Bacillus thuringiensis/: An epidemiological study, Oregon, 1985-86,” 
/Amer. J. Public Health/ 80, no. 7(1990): 848–852; and M.A. Noble, P.D. 
Riben, and G. J. Cook, /Microbiological and epidemiological surveillance 
program to monitor the health effects of Foray 48B BTK spray/ 
(Vancouver, B.C.: Ministry of Forests, Province of British Columbi, Sep. 
30, 1992)
[ </dbcAdmin/Site_Administrator1/ContentDesigner/Articles/#_ednref13>13] 
Vazquez et al, “Intragastric and intraperitoneal administration of 
Cry1Ac protoxin from /Bacillus thuringiensis/ induces systemic and 
mucosal antibody responses in mice,” 1897–1912; Vazquez et al, 
“Characterization of the mucosal and systemic immune response induced by 
Cry1Ac protein from /Bacillus thuringiensis/ HD 73 in mice,” /Brazilian 
Journal of Medical and Biological Research/ 33 (2000): 147–155; and 
Vazquez et al, “/Bacillus thuringiensis/ Cry1Ac protoxin is a potent 
systemic and mucosal adjuvant,” /Scandanavian Journal of Immunology/ 49 
(1999): 578–584. See also Vazquez-Padron et al., 147 (2000b).
[ </dbcAdmin/Site_Administrator1/ContentDesigner/Articles/#_ednref14>14] 
Nagui H. Fares, Adel K. El-Sayed, “Fine Structural Changes in the Ileum 
of Mice Fed on Endotoxin Treated Potatoes and Transgenic Potatoes,” 
/Natural Toxins/ 6, no. 6 (1998): 219–233.
[ </dbcAdmin/Site_Administrator1/ContentDesigner/Articles/#_ednref15>15] 
See for example “/Bt/ cotton causing allergic reaction in MP; cattle 
dead,” /Bhopal/, Nov. 23, 2005, 
http://news.webindia123.com/news/showdetails.asp?id=170692&cat=Health 
<http://news.webindia123.com/news/showdetails.asp?id=170692&cat=Health>;
[ </dbcAdmin/Site_Administrator1/ContentDesigner/Articles/#_ednref16>16] 
Ashish Gupta et. al., “Impact of /Bt/ Cotton on Farmers’ Health (in 
Barwani and Dhar District of Madhya Pradesh),” /Investigation Report/, 
Oct–Dec 2005; and M. Green, et al., “Public health implications of the 
microbial pesticide /Bacillus thuringiensis/: An epidemiological study, 
Oregon, 1985-86,” /Amer. J. Public Health/ 80, no. 7(1990): 848–852; and 
M.A. Noble, P.D. Riben, and G. J. Cook, /Microbiological and 
epidemiological surveillance program to monitor the health effects of 
Foray 48B BTK spray/ (Vancouver, B.C.: Ministry of Forests, Province of 
British Columbi, Sep. 30, 1992)
[ </dbcAdmin/Site_Administrator1/ContentDesigner/Articles/#_ednref17>17] 
FAO-WHO, “Evaluation of Allergenicity of Genetically Modified Foods. 
Report of a Joint FAO/WHO Expert Consultation on Allergenicity of Foods 
Derived from Biotechnology,” Jan. 22–25, 2001; 
http://www.fao.org/es/ESN/food/pdf/allergygm.pdf
[ </dbcAdmin/Site_Administrator1/ContentDesigner/Articles/#_ednref18>18] 
Gendel, “The use of amino acid sequence alignments to assess potential 
allergenicity of proteins used in genetically modified foods,” /Advances 
in Food and Nutrition Research/ 42 (1998), 45–62; G. A. Kleter and A. A. 
C. M. Peijnenburg, “Screening of transgenic proteins expressed in 
transgenic food crops for the presence of short amino acid sequences 
indentical to potential, IgE-binding linear epitopes of allergens,” /BMC 
Structural Biology/ 2 (2002): 8–19; H. P. J. M. Noteborn, “Assessment of 
the Stability to Digestion and Bioavailability of the LYS Mutant Cry9C 
Protein from Bacillus thuringiensis serovar tolworthi,” Unpublished 
study submitted to the EPA by AgrEvo, EPA MRID No. 447343-05 (1998); and 
H. P. J. M. Noteborn et al, “Safety Assessment of the /Bacillus 
thuringiensis/ Insecticidal Crystal Protein CRYIA(b) Expressed in 
Transgenic Tomatoes,” in /Genetically modified foods: safety issues/, 
American Chemical Society Symposium Series 605, eds. K.H. Engel et al., 
(Washington, DC, 1995): 134–47.
[ </dbcAdmin/Site_Administrator1/ContentDesigner/Articles/#_ednref19>19] 
M. Malatesta, M. Biggiogera, E. Manuali, M. B. L. Rocchi, B. Baldelli, 
G. Gazzanelli, “Fine Structural Analyses of Pancreatic Acinar Cell 
Nuclei from Mice Fed on GM Soybean,” /Eur J Histochem/ 47 (2003): 385–388.
[ </dbcAdmin/Site_Administrator1/ContentDesigner/Articles/#_ednref20>20] 
Vazquez et al, “/Bacillus thuringiensis/ Cry1Ac protoxin is a potent 
systemic and mucosal adjuvant,” /Scandanavian Journal of Immunology/ 49 
(1999): 578–584. See also Vazquez-Padron et al., 147 (2000b).
[ </dbcAdmin/Site_Administrator1/ContentDesigner/Articles/#_ednref21>21] 
V. E. Prescott, et al, “Transgenic Expression of Bean r-Amylase 
Inhibitor in Peas Results in Altered Structure and Immunogenicity,” 
Journal of Agricultural Food Chemistry (2005): 53.
[ </dbcAdmin/Site_Administrator1/ContentDesigner/Articles/#_ednref22>22] 
Arpad Pusztai, “Can science give us the tools for recognizing possible 
health risks of GM food,” Nutrition and Health, 2002, Vol 16 Pp 73-84
[ </dbcAdmin/Site_Administrator1/ContentDesigner/Articles/#_ednref23>23] 
Comments to ANZFA about Applications A346, A362 and A363 from the Food 
Legislation and Regulation Advisory Group (FLRAG) of the Public Health 
Association of Australia (PHAA) on behalf of the PHAA, “Food produced 
from glyphosate-tolerant canola line GT73,” http://www.iher.org.au/
[ 
</dbcAdmin/Site_Administrator1/ContentDesigner/Articles/#_ednref24>24] M. 
Malatesta, C. Caporaloni, S. Gavaudan, M. B. Rocchi, S. Serafini, C. 
Tiberi, G. Gazzanelli, “Ultrastructural Morphometrical and 
Immunocytochemical Analyses of Hepatocyte Nuclei from Mice Fed on 
Genetically Modified Soybean,” /Cell Struct Funct./ 27 (2002): 173–180.
[ </dbcAdmin/Site_Administrator1/ContentDesigner/Articles/#_ednref25>25] 
M. Malatesta, C. Tiberi, B. Baldelli, S. Battistelli, E. Manuali, M. 
Biggiogera, “Reversibility of Hepatocyte Nuclear Modifications in Mice 
Fed on Genetically Modified Soybean,” /Eur J Histochem,/ 49 (2005): 237-242.
[ </dbcAdmin/Site_Administrator1/ContentDesigner/Articles/#_ednref26>26] 
I.V. Ermakova, “Diet with the Soya Modified by Gene EPSPS CP4 Leads to 
Anxiety and Aggression in Rats,” /14th/ /European Congress of 
Psychiatry./ /Nice//,/ /France//,/ /March 4-8, 2006//;/ “Genetically 
modified soy affects posterity: Results of Russian scientists’ studies,” 
/REGNUM/, October 12, 2005; http://www.regnum.ru/english/526651.html;  
Irina Ermakova, “Genetically modified soy leads to the decrease of 
weight and high mortality of rat pups of the first generation. 
Preliminary studies,” /Ecosinform/ 1 (2006): 4–9.
[ 
</dbcAdmin/Site_Administrator1/ContentDesigner/Articles/#_ednref27>27] Irina 
Ermakova, “Experimental Evidence of GMO Hazards,” Presentation at 
Scientists for a GM Free Europe, EU Parliament, Brussels, June 12, 2007
[ </dbcAdmin/Site_Administrator1/ContentDesigner/Articles/#_ednref28>28] 
L. Vecchio et al, “Ultrastructural Analysis of Testes from Mice Fed on 
Genetically Modified Soybean,” /European Journal of Histochemistry/ 48, 
no. 4 (Oct–Dec 2004):449–454.
[ </dbcAdmin/Site_Administrator1/ContentDesigner/Articles/#_ednref29>29] 
Oliveri et al., “Temporary Depression of Transcription in Mouse 
Pre-implantion Embryos from Mice Fed on Genetically Modified Soybean,” 
/48th Symposium of the Society for Histochemistry,/ /Lake Maggiore// 
(//Italy//),/ /September 7–10, 2006//.
/[ 
</dbcAdmin/Site_Administrator1/ContentDesigner/Articles/#_ednref30>30] 
I.V. Ermakova, “Diet with the Soya Modified by Gene EPSPS CP4 Leads to 
Anxiety and Aggression in Rats,” /14th/ /European Congress of 
Psychiatry./ /Nice//,/ /France//,/ /March 4-8, 2006//;/ “Genetically 
modified soy affects posterity: Results of Russian scientists’ studies,” 
/REGNUM/, October 12, 2005; http://www.regnum.ru/english/526651.html;  
Irina Ermakova, “Genetically modified soy leads to the decrease of 
weight and high mortality of rat pups of the first generation. 
Preliminary studies,” /Ecosinform/ 1 (2006): 4–9.
[ </dbcAdmin/Site_Administrator1/ContentDesigner/Articles/#_ednref31>31] 
“Mortality in Sheep Flocks after Grazing on /Bt/ Cotton Fields—Warangal 
District, Andhra Pradesh” /Report of the/ /Preliminary Assessment,/ 
April 2006, http://www.gmwatch.org/archive2.asp?arcid=6494
[ </dbcAdmin/Site_Administrator1/ContentDesigner/Articles/#_ednref32>32] 
Mae-Wan Ho, “GM Ban Long Overdue, Dozens Ill & Five Deaths in the 
Philippines,” ISIS Press Release, June 2, 2006; and Mae-Wan Ho and Sam 
Burcher, “Cows Ate GM Maize & Died,” ISIS Press Release, January 13, 
2004, http://www.isis.org.uk/CAGMMAD.php
[ 
</dbcAdmin/Site_Administrator1/ContentDesigner/Articles/#_ednref33>33] Personal 
communication with Jerry Rosman and other farmers, 2006; also reported 
widely in the farm press.
[ </dbcAdmin/Site_Administrator1/ContentDesigner/Articles/#_ednref34>34] 
See for example Mae-Wan Ho, “GM Ban Long Overdue, Dozens Ill & Five 
Deaths in the Philippines,” ISIS Press Release, June 2, 2006; “Study 
Result Not Final, Proof /Bt/ Corn Harmful to Farmers,” /BusinessWorld/, 
02 Mar 2004; and “Genetically Modified Crops and Illness Linked,” 
/Manila Bulletin/, 04 Mar 2004.
[ </dbcAdmin/Site_Administrator1/ContentDesigner/Articles/#_ednref35>35] 
Arpad Pusztai, “Can science give us the tools for recognizing possible 
health risks of GM food,” Nutrition and Health, 2002, Vol 16 Pp 73-84; 
Stanley W. B. Ewen and Arpad Pusztai, “Effect of diets containing 
genetically modified potatoes expressing Galanthus nivalis lectin on rat 
small intestine,” Lancet, 1999 Oct 16; 354 (9187): 1353-4; and Arpad 
Pusztai, “Facts Behind the GM Pea Controversy: Epigenetics, Transgenic 
Plants & Risk Assessment,” /Proceedings of the Conference, December 1st 
2005/ (Frankfurtam Main, Germany: Literaturhaus, 2005)
[ </dbcAdmin/Site_Administrator1/ContentDesigner/Articles/#_ednref36>36] 
Netherwood et al, “Assessing the survival of transgenic plant DNA in the 
human gastrointestinal tract,” /Nature Biotechnology/ 22 (2004): 2.
[ </dbcAdmin/Site_Administrator1/ContentDesigner/Articles/#_ednref37>37] 
Ricarda A. Steinbrecher and Jonathan R. Latham, “Horizontal gene 
transfer from GM crops to unrelated organisms,” GM Science Review 
Meeting of the Royal Society of Edinburgh on “GM Gene Flow: Scale and 
Consequences for Agriculture and the Environment,” January 27, 2003; 
Traavik and Heinemann, /Genetic Engineering and Omitted Health 
Research/; citing Schubbert, et al, “Ingested foreign (phage M13) DNA 
survives transiently in the gastrointestinal tract and enters the 
bloodstream of mice,” /Mol Gen Genet./ 242, no. 5 (1994): 495–504; 
Schubbert et al, “Foreign (M13) DNA ingested by mice reaches peripheral 
leukocytes, spleen, and liver via the intestinal wall mucosa and can be 
covalently linked to mouse DNA,” /Proc Natl Acad Sci USA/ 94, no. 3 
(1997): 961–6; Schubbert et al, “On the fate of orally ingested foreign 
DNA in mice: chromosomal association and placental transmission to the 
fetus,” /Mol Gen Genet./ 259, no. 6 (1998): 569–76; Hohlweg and 
Doerfler, “On the fate of plants or other foreign genes upon the uptake 
in food or after intramuscular injection in mice,” /Mol Genet Genomics/ 
265 (2001): 225–233; Palka-Santani, et al., “The gastrointestinal tract 
as the portal of entry for foreign macromolecules: fate of DNA and 
proteins,” /Mol Gen Genomics/ 270 (2003): 201–215; Einspanier, et al, 
“The fate of forage plant DNA in farm animals; a collaborative 
case-study investigating cattle and chicken fed recombinant plant 
material,” /Eur Food Res Technol/ 212 (2001): 129–134; Klotz, et al, 
“Degradation and possible carry over of feed DNA monitored in pigs and 
poultry,” Eur Food Res Technol 214 (2002): 271–275; Forsman, et al, 
“Uptake of amplifiable fragments of retrotransposon DNA from the human 
alimentary tract,” /Mol Gen Genomics/ 270 (2003): 362–368; Chen, et al, 
“Transfection of mEpo gene to intestinal epithelium in vivo mediated by 
oral delivery of chitosan-DNA nanoparticles,” /World Journal of 
Gastroenterology/ 10, no 1(2004): 112–116; Phipps, et al, “Detection of 
transgenic and endogenous plant DNA in rumen fluid, duodenal digesta, 
milk, blood, and feces of lactating dairy cows,” /J Dairy Sci./ 86, no. 
12(2003): 4070–8.
[ 
</dbcAdmin/Site_Administrator1/ContentDesigner/Articles/#_ednref38>38] William 
E. Crist, Toxic L-tryptophan: Shedding Light on a Mysterious Epidemic, 
http://www.seedsofdeception.com/Public/L-tryptophan/index.cfm; and 
Jeffrey M. Smith*,* /Seeds of Deception/, Yes! Books, Fairfield, IA 
2003, chapter 4, Deadly Epidemic.

Jeffrey M. Smith is the author of publication /Genetic Roulette: The 
Documented Health Risks of Genetically Engineered Foods/, which presents 
65 risks in easy-to-read two-page spreads. His first book, /Seeds of 
Deception/, is the top rated and #1 selling book on GM foods in the 
world. He is the Executive Director of the Institute for Responsible 
Technology. www.responsibletechnology.org 
<http://www.responsibletechnology.org/>, which is spearheading the 
Campaign for Healthier Eating in America. Go to www.seedsofdeception.com 
<http://www.seedsofdeception.com/> to learn more about how to avoid GM 
foods.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
*/Spilling the Beans/* is a monthly column available 
at www.responsibletechnology.org 
<http://www.responsibletechnology.org/>. The website also offers 
eater-friendly tips for avoiding GMOs at home and in restaurants.

Permission is granted to publishers and webmasters to reproduce issues 
of Spilling the Beans in whole or in part. Just email us 
at column at responsibletechnology.org 
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-- 
"I am not a liberator. Liberators do not exist. The people liberate themselves." – Che Guevara

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